Diffuser support

ABSTRACT

Embodiments of gas distribution apparatus comprise a diffuser support member coupled to a diffuser and moveably disposed through a backing plate. Embodiments of methods of processing a substrate on a substrate receiving surface of a substrate support comprise providing a diffuser in which a diffuser support member supports the diffuser and is moveably disposed through the backing plate.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to apparatus and methods for supporting a gas distribution plate or diffuser.

2. Description of the Related Art

Substrates in which flat panel displays are made from have increased dramatically in size over recent years. For example, a substrate which is typically divided to make a plurality of TFT-LCD flat panel displays had sizes of about 2,000 cm² and have increased in size to about 25,000 cm² or larger. Such substrates are typically processed in a plasma chamber having a diffuser. The diffuser is generally supported in a spaced-apart relation facing the substrate with a plurality of gas passageways adapted to disperse one or more process gases toward the substrate to perform a process to the substrate, such as deposition or etch. This increase in substrate size has brought an increase in diffuser size since the diffuser is approximately the size of the substrate.

Problems with current diffusers include sagging, creeping, movement, and/or cracking of the diffuser or associated components over time, due to exposure of the diffuser to high processing temperatures, to the forces of gravity, and to other forces. Such problems with current diffuser designs may adversely affect substrate processing uniformity and properties and may increase maintenance and replacement costs of the diffuser and associated components.

Therefore, there is a need for an improved gas distribution apparatus and methods.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of gas distribution apparatus comprise a diffuser support member coupled to a diffuser and moveably disposed through a backing plate. Certain embodiments of gas distribution apparatus further comprise a chamber body including a bottom and walls. The backing plate is disposed over the chamber body. A chamber interior volume is bounded by the chamber body and the backing plate. The diffuser is disposed within the chamber interior volume. Other embodiments of gas distribution apparatus further comprise variable spacing between the backing plate and the diffuser.

Embodiments of methods of processing a substrate on a substrate receiving surface of a substrate support comprise providing a diffuser within a chamber interior volume bounded by a chamber body and a backing plate. A diffuser support member supports the diffuser and is moveably disposed through the backing plate. In certain embodiments, a vacuum pressure is applied within the chamber interior volume in which the backing plate flexes in response to the vacuum pressure. In other embodiments, the diffuser support member is coupled to a structure outside of the chamber interior volume.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a diffuser supported in a chamber.

FIG. 2 is a top isometric view of the frame structure of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of diffuser support member, the backing plate, and the diffuser of the chamber of FIG. 1 in which the backing plate is flexed.

FIGS. 4A-4E show various embodiments of sealing devices associated with the diffuser support members to providing a vacuum seal of the openings of the backing plate.

FIG. 5 is a cross-section view of one embodiment of a diffuser support member coupled to a diffuser through a mating mechanism coupled to the diffuser.

FIG. 6A is a cross-section view of one embodiment of an insulative sleeve disposed at least partially around a diffuser support member.

FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a dielectric break to electrically isolate a frame structure from a diffuser support member or reduce the amount of RF current traveling from the backing plate through the diffuser support members to the frame structure.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a gas feed-through assembly coupled to the gas inlet of the backing plate of FIG. 1.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a chamber in which diffuser support members are coupled to a support frame.

To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one embodiment may be beneficially utilized on other embodiments without specific recitation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present invention generally provide apparatus and methods for supporting a diffuser in a processing apparatus adapted to process the substrate, such as in a deposition, etch, plasma treatment, plasma clean, or other substrate process. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a gas distribution apparatus comprising a diffuser 110 supported in a chamber 100, such as a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) chamber. One suitable PECVD chamber which may be used is available from Applied Materials, Inc., located in Santa Clara, Calif. or from subsidiaries of Applied Materials, Inc. It is understood that other chambers may benefit from the present apparatus and methods, such as an etch chamber, plasma treatment chamber, plasma clean chamber, and other chambers. The chamber shown in FIG. 1 is adapted to process substrates in a horizontal orientation. It is understood that the present apparatus and methods may also apply to chambers adapted to process substrates in other orientations, such as a vertical orientation.

The chamber 100 comprises a chamber body having walls 102 and a bottom 104. The chamber 100 also includes a backing plate 112 coupled to the lid 123 of the chamber 100. A chamber interior volume 106 is bounded by the chamber body and the backing plate 112. A substrate support 130 is disposed within the chamber interior volume 106. The chamber interior volume 106 is accessed through a sealable slit valve 108 so that a substrate 140 may be transferred in and out of the chamber 100. The substrate support 130 includes a substrate receiving surface 132 for supporting the substrate 140 and includes a stem 134 coupled to a lift system 136 to raise and lower the substrate support 130. A shadow ring (not shown) may be optionally placed over the periphery of the substrate 140. Lift pins 138 are moveably disposed through the substrate support 130 to move the substrate 140 to and from the substrate receiving surface 132. The substrate support 130 may also include heating and/or cooling elements 139 to maintain the substrate support 130 at a desired temperature. The substrate support 130 may also include grounding straps 131 to provide radio frequency (RF) grounding at the periphery of the substrate support 130.

A gas source 120 is coupled to the backing plate 112 to provide one or more gases through a gas inlet 142 in the backing plate 112. The gas travels through the gas inlet 142 and through gas passages 111 in the diffuser 110 to a processing region 180 above the substrate 140. A vacuum pump 109 is coupled to the chamber 100 to control the chamber interior volume 106 and the processing region 180 at a desired pressure.

The diffuser 110 includes a first or upstream side 113 and a second or downstream side 116. Each of the gas passages 111 are formed through the diffuser 110 to allow gas transfer from the upstream side 113 to the downstream side 116 to the processing region 180. A radio frequency (RF) power source 122 may be coupled to the backing plate 112 to provide RF power to the diffuser 110. The backing plate 112, which is shown supported by the lid 123, may be electrically isolated from other portions of the chamber 100 by an insulator 185. The RF power applied to the diffuser creates an electric field between the diffuser 110 and the substrate support 130 so that a plasma may be generated from gases in the processing region 180. Various frequencies may be used, such as a frequency between about 0.3 MHz and about 200 MHz, such as a RF power provided at a frequency of 13.56 MHz.

A remote plasma source 124, such as an inductively coupled or microwave remote plasma source, may also be coupled between the gas source 120 and the gas inlet 142 formed in the backing plate 112. Between processing substrates, a cleaning gas may be provided to the remote plasma source 124 so that a remote plasma is generated and provided within the chamber 100 to clean chamber components. The cleaning gas may be further excited by RF current supplied by the RF power source 122 to the diffuser 110. Suitable cleaning gases include but are not limited to NF₃, F₂, and SF₆.

The diffuser 110 is coupled to the backing plate 112 at an edge portion of the diffuser 110 by a suspension 114. The suspension 114 may be flexible to allow expansion and contraction of the diffuser 110. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the suspension 114 also transmits RF current from the backing plate 112 applied by the RF power source 122 to the diffuser 110. Examples of a flexible suspension are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,477,980, assigned to Applied Materials, Inc., incorporated by reference in its entirety to the extent not inconsistent with the present disclosure.

One or more diffuser support members 160 are moveably disposed through respective openings 165 in backing plate 112 and are coupled to the diffuser 110. The diffuser support members 160 are coupled to a frame structure 175. The material of the diffuser support members 160 may be any process compatible material of sufficient strength to support the diffuser 110, such as metals, alloys, polymers, ceramics, aluminum, titanium, and combinations thereof. The diffuser supports 160 are preferably coupled to a center area of the diffuser 110. Since the diffuser support members 160 are moveably disposed through the backing plate 112, the diffuser support members 160 may support the center area of diffuser 110 in any desired position independent of the position of the center area of the backing plate 112.

The center area of the diffuser 110 is defined herein as a location within a radius R from the center of the diffuser, wherein R is 25% or less of the diagonal of the diffuser, preferably 15% or less of the diagonal of the diffuser, more preferably 10% or less of the diagonal of the diffuser. For instance, if the dimensions of a diffuser are 2.3 meters in length and 2.0 meters in width, the diagonal would be about 3.0 meters.

As shown in FIG. 1, the diffuser support members 160 may be coupled to the frame structure 175 by a coupling assembly 150. The coupling assembly 150 may comprise a support ring 148 and one or more hangers 162. The hangers 162 are coupled to the frame structure 175 and to the support ring 148. The support ring 148 is coupled to the diffuser support members 160. In one embodiment, the support ring 148 may comprise a dielectric material, such as ceramic or polymer materials, to electrically isolate the frame structure 175 or reduce the amount of RF current traveling from the backing plate through the diffuser support members 160 to the frame structure 175. In other embodiments, the support ring 148 may comprise a conductive material, such as steel, aluminum, and other materials.

FIG. 2 is a top isometric view of the frame structure 175 of FIG. 1. The frame structure 175 is disposed above the backing plate 112 and is coupled to the lid 123. While the support ring 148 is shown as an annular shape, other shapes may be used, which include polygonal shapes, oval shapes, and other simple or complex patterns and shapes.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of diffuser support members 160, the backing plate 112, and the diffuser 110 of the chamber 100 of FIG. 1 in which the backing plate 112 is bowed or flexed. When a vacuum pressure is applied to the interior chamber volume 106, the backing plate 112 experiences a bow, flex, droop or sag due to the large differential in pressure between the interior chamber volume 106 and atmospheric pressure. As used herein the term “vacuum pressure” means a pressure of less than 760 Torr, preferably less than 100 Torr, more preferably less than 15 Torr. For example, a backing plate for a chamber to process substrates having a substrate surface area of 25,000 cm² or more may bow or flex a couple of millimeters due to the vacuum pressure applied to it. In comparison, a typical plasma process may require a controlled spacing between the diffuser 110 and the substrate receiving surface 132 of the substrate support 130 to be about 30 millimeters or less, or even 15 millimeters or less. Therefore, a variation of the spacing between the substrate receiving surface 132 and the diffuser may adversely affect plasma processing, such as plasma deposition processing film properties and uniformity.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bow or flex of the backing plate 112 does not affect the position of the center area of the diffuser 110 since the center area of the diffuser 112 is supported by the diffuser support members 160 moveably disposed through the backing plate 112. The diffuser support members 160 are supported by frame structure 175. The frame structure 175 is disposed outside the chamber interior volume 106. Thus, the position of the center area of the diffuser 112 does not depend on the position of the center area of the backing plate 112. In this manner, bowing, flexing, dropping, sagging, creeping, movement, cracking, and maintenance of the diffuser 110 may be reduced since the center area of the diffuser 110 is supported in a position independent of pressure forces acting on the center area of the backing plate 112. Movement, bowing, or flexing of the backing plate 112 in response to the vacuum pressure applied within the interior volume causes the spacing between the backing plate 112 and the top of the diffuser 110 to vary. The position of the center area of the diffuser 110 remains in substantially the same position. Thus, a more consistent spacing between the diffuser 110 and the substrate receiving surface 132 is maintained even if the backing plates bows or flexes. Therefore, plasma processing is improved and the chamber 100 requires reduced maintenance.

FIGS. 4A-4E show various embodiments of sealing devices 147 associated with the diffuser support members 160 to providing a vacuum seal of the openings 165 of the backing plate. The sealing devices 147 isolate the chamber interior volume 106 from the ambient outside environment while allowing relative movement of the diffuser support member 160 and the backing plate 112.

FIG. 4A shows a sealing device 147A comprising an o-ring 325A sandwiched between a cap 347A and a top side 412 of the backing plate 112. The cap 347A includes an opening 417A formed therein to receive the diffuser support member 160 and may be coupled to the top side 412 of the backing plate 112 by fasteners 410A, such as bolts, screws, and the like. The o-ring 325A seals the opening 165 by being in sliding contact with the diffuser support member 160.

FIG. 4B shows a sealing device 147B comprising an o-ring 325B sandwiched between a cap 347B and the bottom side 413 of the backing plate 112. The cap 347B includes an opening 417B formed therein to receive the diffuser support member 160 and may be coupled to the bottom side 413 of the backing plate 112 by fasteners 410B, such as bolts, screws, and the like. The o-ring 325B seals the opening 165 in the backing plate 112 by being in sliding contact with the diffuser support member 160.

FIG. 4C shows a sealing device 147C comprising an o-ring 325C disposed in a land 420 formed in the backing plate 112. The o-ring 325C seals the opening 165 in the backing plate 112 by being in sliding contact with the diffuser support member 160.

FIG. 4D shows a sealing device 147D comprising an o-ring 325D disposed in a land 421 formed in the diffuser support member 160. The o-ring 325D seals the opening 165 in the backing plate by being in sliding contact with the opening 165 of the backing plate 112.

FIG. 4E shows a sealing device 147E comprising a flexible bellow 402 surround at least a portion of the diffuser support member 160. As shown, the flexible bellow 402 is coupled to the backing plate 112 and to the support ring 148. The flexible bellow 402 can expand or contract due to the variation in the distance between the backing plate 112 and the support ring 148. The flexible bellow 402 may be made of metals, such as steels or aluminum, or a polymer material. An optional cover 405 may be disposed at least partially around the diffuser support member 160 to provide a vacuum seal between the support ring 148 and the diffuser support member 160.

FIG. 5 is a cross-section view of one embodiment of a diffuser support member 160 coupled to the diffuser through a mating mechanism 425 coupled to the diffuser 110. The mating mechanism 425 has a cavity adapted to receive and mate with a head portion 525 of the diffuser support member 160. In one aspect, the mating mechanism provides ease of attaching and detaching the mating mechanism 425 from the diffuser support member 160.

FIG. 6A is a cross-section view of one embodiment of an insulative sleeve 602 disposed at least partially around the diffuser support member 160 to electrically isolate the frame structure from the diffuser support member 160 or reduce the amount of RF current traveling from the backing plate through the diffuser support members to the frame structure. The insulative sleeve 602 provides an insulative separation between the diffuser support member 160 and the support ring 148 of the coupling assembly 150. In other embodiments (not shown), the diffuser support member may be coupled to support frame with the coupling assembly and the insulative sleeve may provide an insulative separation between the diffuser support member and the support frame.

FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a dielectric break 560 coupled to the diffuser support member 160. The dielectric break electrically isolates the frame structure 175 from the diffuser support member 160 or reduces the amount of RF current traveling from the backing plate 112 through the diffuser support members 160 to the frame structure 175. The dielectric break 560 may receive an end of the diffuser support member 160 and an end of the hanger 162 without the support ring 148 and may be coupled together by a fastener 565, such as a pin, a screw, or a bolt.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a gas feed-through assembly 710 coupled to the gas inlet 142 of the backing plate 112. The gas feed-through assembly 710 includes an inlet block 715 in fluid communication with the gas inlet 142. The inlet block 715 includes a connector 745 that is coupled to the RF power source 122. The inlet block 715 comprises a conductive material, such as aluminum. RF current provided by the RF power source 112 travels through the inlet block 715, through the backing plate 112, through the flexible suspension 114, and to the diffuser 110. A conduit 740 provides fluid communication between the inlet block 715 and the remote plasma source interface 720. The remote plasma source interface 720 is coupled to the remote plasma source 124 which is coupled to the gas source 120. In one embodiment, the conduit 740 preferably comprises a dielectric material to reduce the amount of RF current traveling from the inlet block 715 therethrough.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a chamber 900 in which the diffuser support members 160 are directly coupled to the support frame 175. The RF power source 122 may be coupled to the backing plate 112 or may be coupled to one or more of the diffuser support members 160. In either embodiment, the chamber 900 may include a cover 118 adapted to isolate any electrically active portions of the chamber 900. The cover 118 may be extended to the lid 123, which may be at ground potential. In another embodiment (not shown), an insulative sleeve may at least partially surround each diffuser support member 160 to electrically isolate the support frame 175 from the diffuser support members 160.

While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. 

1. A gas distribution apparatus, comprising: a diffuser, a backing plate, and a diffuser support member moveably disposed through the backing plate and coupled to the diffuser.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a spacing between the backing plate and the diffuser is variable.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the backing plate further comprises an opening wherein the diffuser support member is moveably disposed therethrough.
 4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a sealing device associated with the diffuser support member.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the sealing device provides a vacuum seal for the opening in the backing plate.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sealing device comprises an o-ring in sliding contact with the diffuser support member.
 7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sealing device comprises an o-ring in sliding contact with the opening of the backing plate.
 8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sealing device comprises a flexible bellows.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the diffuser support member is coupled to a center region of the diffuser.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the backing plate is coupled to an edge portion of the diffuser.
 11. A gas distribution apparatus, comprising: a chamber body including a bottom and walls, a backing plate disposed over the chamber body, a chamber interior volume bounded by the chamber body and the backing plate, a diffuser disposed within the chamber interior volume, and a diffuser support member moveably disposed through the backing plate and coupled to the diffuser.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a frame structure disposed outside of the chamber interior volume wherein the diffuser support member is coupled to the frame structure.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the frame structure is electrically isolated from the diffuser support member.
 14. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a coupling assembly coupling the diffuser support member and the frame structure.
 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein coupling assembly comprises a hanger coupled to the frame structure and a support ring coupled to the hanger and the diffuser support member.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein support ring comprises an insulative material.
 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the support ring comprises a conductive material.
 18. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising an insulative sleeve disposed at least partially around the diffuser support member.
 19. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising an insulative sleeve disposed at least partially around the hanger.
 20. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a cover over the frame structure to provide electrical isolation thereof.
 21. A gas distribution apparatus, comprising: a diffuser, a backing plate, a diffuser support member moveably disposed through the backing plate and coupled to the diffuser, and a variable spacing between the backing plate and the diffuser.
 22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising a vacuum pump providing a vacuum force to the backing plate.
 23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the variable spacing between the backing plate and the diffuser is a function of the vacuum pressure applied to backing plate
 24. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein movement of the backing plate causes the variable spacing between the backing plate and the diffuser.
 25. A method of processing a substrate on a substrate receiving surface of a substrate support, comprising: providing a diffuser within a chamber interior volume bounded by a chamber body and a backing plate, supporting the diffuser with a diffuser support member moveably disposed through the backing plate, applying a vacuum pressure within the chamber interior volume wherein the backing plate flexes in response to the vacuum pressure, and delivering a gas through the diffuser towards the substrate receiving surface of the substrate support.
 26. The method of claim 25, further comprising applying an RF power to the diffuser.
 27. The method of claim 25, wherein a spacing between the backing plate and the diffuser is variable.
 28. A method of processing a substrate within a chamber, comprising: providing a chamber interior volume bounded by walls, a bottom, and a backing plate; providing a diffuser within the chamber volume; providing a diffuser support member moveably disposed through the backing plate and coupled to the diffuser; and coupling the diffuser support member to a structure outside of the chamber interior volume.
 29. The method of claim 28, insulating the structure from a RF power provided to the diffuser.
 30. The method of claim 28, providing a sealing device to isolate the chamber interior volume and to allow movement of the diffuser support member through the backing plate.
 31. The method of claim 28, wherein the sealing device comprises an o-ring in sliding contact to the diffuser support member.
 32. The method of claim 28, wherein the sealing device comprises an o-ring in sliding contact to an opening through the backing plate.
 33. The method of claim 28, wherein the sealing device is a flexible bellows surrounding at least a portion of the diffuser support member. 